{"id":6659,"date":"2024-05-22T16:49:44","date_gmt":"2024-05-22T09:49:44","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/tidiarc.vn\/?p=6659"},"modified":"2024-05-22T16:51:20","modified_gmt":"2024-05-22T09:51:20","slug":"04-nguyen-nhan-gay-sap-nha-va-giai-phap-khac-phuc","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/tidiarc.vn\/en\/04-nguyen-nhan-gay-sap-nha-va-giai-phap-khac-phuc\/","title":{"rendered":"04 nguy\u00ean nh\u00e2n g\u00e2y s\u1eadp nh\u00e0 v\u00e0 gi\u1ea3i ph\u00e1p kh\u1eafc ph\u1ee5c"},"content":{"rendered":"

S\u1eadp nh\u00e0 l\u00e0 s\u1ef1 c\u1ed1 kinh ho\u00e0ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 c\u01b0\u1edbp \u0111i sinh m\u1ea1ng v\u00e0 t\u00e0i s\u1ea3n c\u1ee7a con ng\u01b0\u1eddi, gieo r\u1eafc n\u1ed7i \u00e1m \u1ea3nh dai d\u1eb3ng cho nh\u1eefng ai t\u1eebng tr\u1ea3i qua. N\u1eafm v\u1eefng nguy\u00ean nh\u00e2n v\u00e0 bi\u1ec7n ph\u00e1p ph\u00f2ng ng\u1eeba<\/strong><\/span><\/a> l\u00e0 ch\u00eca kh\u00f3a b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 b\u1ea3n th\u00e2n v\u00e0 gia \u0111\u00ecnh kh\u1ecfi th\u1ea3m h\u1ecda n\u00e0y.<\/em><\/p>\n

\"s\u1eadp<\/p>\n

V\u1ee5 s\u1eadp nh\u00e0 \u1edf TP. HCM (\u1ea2nh: Internet)<\/em><\/span><\/p>\n

X\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng “chay”, kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 b\u1ea3n v\u1ebd thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf:<\/strong><\/h2>\n

Vi\u1ec7c thi\u1ebfu b\u1ea3n v\u1ebd thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf \u0111\u1ed3ng ngh\u0129a v\u1edbi vi\u1ec7c thi\u1ebfu \u0111i “x\u01b0\u01a1ng s\u1ed1ng” cho c\u00f4ng tr\u00ecnh, khi\u1ebfn k\u1ebft c\u1ea5u kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o an to\u00e0n. B\u1ea3n v\u1ebd thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u1eadp b\u1edfi ki\u1ebfn tr\u00fac s\u01b0 c\u00f3 chuy\u00ean m\u00f4n, d\u1ef1a tr\u00ean c\u00e1c y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 ri\u00eang c\u1ee7a c\u00f4ng tr\u00ecnh nh\u01b0: \u0111<\/span>\u1ecba ch\u1ea5t khu v\u1ef1c; d<\/span>i\u1ec7n t\u00edch, \u0111\u1ecba h\u00ecnh x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng; t<\/span>\u1ea3i tr\u1ecdng c\u00f4ng tr\u00ecnh (t\u1ef1 tr\u1ecdng, tr\u1ecdng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng, t\u1ea3i tr\u1ecdng tuy\u1ebft, gi\u00f3…); c<\/span>\u00e1c y\u00eau c\u1ea7u v\u1ec1 th\u1ea9m m\u1ef9, c\u00f4ng n\u0103ng s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng…<\/span><\/p>\n

Khi kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 b\u1ea3n v\u1ebd, c\u00e1c y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 quan tr\u1ecdng n\u00e0y kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u00ednh to\u00e1n k\u1ef9 l\u01b0\u1ee1ng, d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ebfn:<\/p>\n

    \n
  • K\u1ebft c\u1ea5u kh\u00f4ng c\u00e2n b\u1eb1ng, ch\u1ecbu l\u1ef1c k\u00e9m<\/li>\n
  • M\u00f3ng nh\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ee7 s\u1ee9c ch\u1ecbu t\u1ea3i<\/li>\n
  • C\u00e1c chi ti\u1ebft k\u1ebft c\u1ea5u quan tr\u1ecdng b\u1ecb sai s\u00f3t<\/li>\n
  • Nguy c\u01a1 s\u1eadp \u0111\u1ed5 cao, \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t khi c\u00f3 t\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a ngo\u1ea1i l\u1ef1c ho\u1eb7c th\u1eddi gian<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n

    Gi\u1ea3i ph\u00e1p:<\/strong><\/p>\n

      \n
    • Lu\u00f4n s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng b\u1ea3n v\u1ebd thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u1ea5p ph\u00e9p b\u1edfi c\u01a1 quan ch\u1ee9c n\u0103ng.<\/li>\n
    • B\u1ea3n v\u1ebd thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf ph\u1ea3i do ki\u1ebfn tr\u00fac s\u01b0 c\u00f3 chuy\u00ean m\u00f4n th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n, \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o \u0111\u00e1p \u1ee9ng c\u00e1c y\u00eau c\u1ea7u v\u1ec1 k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt, an to\u00e0n v\u00e0 th\u1ea9m m\u1ef9.<\/li>\n
    • Tham kh\u1ea3o \u00fd ki\u1ebfn chuy\u00ean gia x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o t\u00ednh an to\u00e0n v\u00e0 ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p v\u1edbi \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n

      Thi c\u00f4ng “b\u1eeba b\u00e3i”, b\u1ea5t ch\u1ea5p b\u1ea3n v\u1ebd:<\/strong><\/h2>\n

      Nh\u00e0 s\u1eadp c\u0169ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 do thi c\u00f4ng sai l\u1ec7ch so v\u1edbi b\u1ea3n v\u1ebd: t\u00ednh to\u00e1n k\u1ebft c\u1ea5u kh\u00f4ng ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c, ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u1ecbnh v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u sai. Ki\u1ebfn tr\u00fac s\u01b0 c\u1ea7n ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u01b0a ra nh\u1eefng ph\u1ea3i ph\u00e1p h\u1ee3p l\u00fd v\u1edbi khu v\u1ef1c hay c\u00f3 gi\u00f3 b\u00e3o, kh\u00ed h\u1eadu v\u00f9ng ven bi\u1ec3n, ph\u00f2ng c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ed9 \u1ea9m l\u1edbn, kh\u00f4ng gian \u0111i l\u1ea1i, s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng nhi\u1ec1u\u2026<\/p>\n

      N\u1ebfu b\u1ea3n v\u1ebd chu\u1ea9n nh\u01b0ng thi\u1ebfu s\u1ef1 gi\u00e1m s\u00e1t c\u0169ng d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ebfn h\u1eadu qu\u1ea3 nh\u01b0: th\u00e9p ch\u1ecbu l\u1ef1c, th\u00e9p c\u1ea5u t\u1ea1o kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u00fang k\u00edch th\u01b0\u1edbc, s\u1ed1 l\u01b0\u1ee3ng\u2026 l\u00e0m ph\u00e1 v\u1ee1 c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac c\u00e2n b\u1eb1ng l\u1ef1c c\u1ee7a c\u00f4ng tr\u00ecnh ho\u1eb7c k\u1ebft c\u1ea5u tr\u1edf n\u00ean m\u1ecfng manh, d\u1ec5 s\u1ee5p \u0111\u1ed5, s\u1eadp nh\u00e0 \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t l\u00e0 khi c\u00f3 t\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng m\u1ea1nh.<\/p>\n

      Gi\u1ea3i ph\u00e1p:<\/strong><\/p>\n

        \n
      • Tuy\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed1i tu\u00e2n th\u1ee7 b\u1ea3n v\u1ebd thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u00ea duy\u1ec7t.<\/li>\n
      • L\u1ef1a ch\u1ecdn nh\u00e0 th\u1ea7u uy t\u00edn, c\u00f3 kinh nghi\u1ec7m v\u00e0 tr\u00ecnh \u0111\u1ed9 chuy\u00ean m\u00f4n cao \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o thi c\u00f4ng \u0111\u00fang k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt.<\/li>\n
      • Gi\u00e1m s\u00e1t ch\u1eb7t ch\u1ebd qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh thi c\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ec3 k\u1ecbp th\u1eddi ph\u00e1t hi\u1ec7n v\u00e0 ng\u0103n ch\u1eb7n sai s\u00f3t.<\/li>\n
      • B\u00e1o c\u00e1o cho c\u01a1 quan ch\u1ee9c n\u0103ng n\u1ebfu ph\u00e1t hi\u1ec7n nh\u00e0 th\u1ea7u thi c\u00f4ng sai b\u1ea3n v\u1ebd.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n

        \"s\u1eadp<\/p>\n

        S\u1eadp nh\u00e0 g\u00e2y thi\u1ec7t h\u1ea1i n\u1eb7ng n\u1ec1 v\u1ec1 ng\u01b0\u1eddi v\u00e0 t\u00e0i s\u1ea3n, m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng<\/em><\/span><\/p>\n

        Bi\u1ec7n ph\u00e1p x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng thi\u1ebfu khoa h\u1ecdc<\/strong><\/h2>\n

        Qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh x\u00e2y nh\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng an to\u00e0n v\u1eeba khi\u1ebfn nh\u00e0 h\u01b0 h\u1ecfng v\u1eeba g\u00e2y h\u1ea1i cho c\u00f4ng nh\u00e2n. Tr\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u00f3, t\u1eebng c\u00f3 c\u00f4ng tr\u00ecnh b\u1ecb s\u1eadp v\u00ec ch\u00e2n ch\u1ed1ng c\u1ee7a nh\u1eefng gi\u00e0n gi\u00e1o \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1eb7t tr\u00ean n\u1ec1n c\u00e1t. Khi ti\u1ebfn h\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed5 b\u00ea t\u00f4ng xong, m\u1ed9t c\u01a1n m\u01b0a l\u1edbn t\u1edbi l\u00e0m c\u00e1t tr\u00f4i \u0111i, gi\u00e0n gi\u00e1o c\u1ed1p pha s\u1ebd b\u1ecb h\u1ecfng ch\u00e2n, to\u00e0n b\u1ed9 s\u00e0n v\u1eeba m\u1edbi x\u00e2y \u0111\u00e3 s\u1eadp xu\u1ed1ng.<\/p>\n

        C\u00e1c bi\u1ec7n ph\u00e1p thi c\u00f4ng kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u00fang quy tr\u00ecnh k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt, thi\u1ebfu c\u00e1c bi\u1ec7n ph\u00e1p gia c\u1ed1, ch\u1ed1ng th\u1ea5m,… l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng “bom n\u1ed5 ch\u1eadm” ti\u1ec1m \u1ea9n trong nhi\u1ec1u c\u00f4ng tr\u00ecnh, khi\u1ebfn nguy c\u01a1 s\u1eadp nh\u00e0 cao, \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t trong \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n th\u1eddi ti\u1ebft kh\u1eafc nghi\u1ec7t<\/span><\/p>\n

        Gi\u1ea3i ph\u00e1p:<\/strong><\/p>\n

          \n
        • Thi c\u00f4ng tu\u00e2n th\u1ee7 \u0111\u00fang quy tr\u00ecnh k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt, c\u00f3 s\u1ef1 gi\u00e1m s\u00e1t c\u1ee7a chuy\u00ean gia.<\/li>\n
        • \u00c1p d\u1ee5ng c\u00e1c bi\u1ec7n ph\u00e1p gia c\u1ed1, ch\u1ed1ng th\u1ea5m ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p v\u1edbi \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ecba ch\u1ea5t v\u00e0 kh\u00ed h\u1eadu.<\/li>\n
        • B\u00e1o c\u00e1o cho c\u01a1 quan ch\u1ee9c n\u0103ng n\u1ebfu ph\u00e1t hi\u1ec7n h\u00e0nh vi thi c\u00f4ng thi\u1ebfu k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n

          R\u00fat ru\u1ed9t c\u00f4ng tr\u00ecnh, tr\u1ee5c l\u1ee3i v\u1eadt t\u01b0<\/strong><\/h2>\n

          V\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 r\u00fat ru\u1ed9t v\u1eadt t\u01b0 d\u1ec5 x\u1ea3y ra khi c\u00f3 s\u1ef1 th\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ed3ng ho\u1eb7c kh\u00f4ng gi\u00e1m s\u00e1t ch\u1eb7t ch\u1ebd gi\u1eefa k\u1ef9 s\u01b0 thi c\u00f4ng v\u00e0 gi\u00e1m s\u00e1t c\u00f4ng tr\u00ecnh. H\u1ecd c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 gi\u1ea3m b\u1edbt v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng ho\u1eb7c thay \u0111\u1ed5i v\u1eadt t\u01b0 ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng cao b\u1eb1ng lo\u1ea1i r\u1ebb ti\u1ec1n h\u01a1n \u0111\u1ec3 l\u1ea5y l\u1ee3i.<\/p>\n

          Trong qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf, c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 ch\u1ee7 nh\u00e0 \u0111\u1ec1 ngh\u1ecb d\u00f9ng v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u ho\u00e0n th\u00e0nh t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u1ed1i nh\u1eb9 nh\u01b0 v\u00e1ch ng\u0103n di \u0111\u1ed9ng, l\u00e1t s\u00e0n g\u1ed7\u2026 Tuy nhi\u00ean, khi thi c\u00f4ng nh\u00e0, ch\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ea7u t\u01b0 thay \u0111\u1ed5i sang x\u00e2y t\u01b0\u1eddng d\u00e0y, l\u00e1t \u0111\u00e1 granite \u0111\u1ec3 ch\u1ed1ng n\u00f3ng c\u00e1ch \u00e2m\u2026 m\u00e0 qu\u00ean m\u1ea5t vi\u1ec7c ki\u1ec3m tra t\u1ea3i tr\u1ecdng thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf ban \u0111\u1ea7u c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o hay kh\u00f4ng. \u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 h\u00e0nh vi v\u00f4 \u0111\u1ea1o \u0111\u1ee9c, ti\u1ec1m \u1ea9n nguy c\u01a1 s\u1eadp nh\u00e0 cao.<\/p>\n

          T\u00f3m l\u1ea1i, s\u1eadp nh\u00e0 l\u00e0 th\u1ea3m h\u1ecda c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ph\u00f2ng ng\u1eeba \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c. N\u00e2ng cao \u00fd th\u1ee9c, trang b\u1ecb ki\u1ebfn th\u1ee9c v\u00e0 \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng c\u00e1c bi\u1ec7n ph\u00e1p ph\u00f2ng ng\u1eeba hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 l\u00e0 tr\u00e1ch nhi\u1ec7m c\u1ee7a m\u1ed7i c\u00e1 nh\u00e2n v\u00e0 gia \u0111\u00ecnh \u0111\u1ec3 b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 b\u1ea3n th\u00e2n v\u00e0 c\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ed3ng kh\u1ecfi nguy c\u01a1 ti\u1ec1m \u1ea9n n\u00e0y.<\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

          S\u1eadp nh\u00e0 l\u00e0 s\u1ef1 c\u1ed1 kinh ho\u00e0ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 c\u01b0\u1edbp \u0111i sinh m\u1ea1ng v\u00e0 t\u00e0i s\u1ea3n c\u1ee7a con ng\u01b0\u1eddi, gieo r\u1eafc n\u1ed7i \u00e1m \u1ea3nh dai d\u1eb3ng cho nh\u1eefng ai t\u1eebng tr\u1ea3i qua. N\u1eafm v\u1eefng nguy\u00ean nh\u00e2n v\u00e0 bi\u1ec7n ph\u00e1p ph\u00f2ng ng\u1eeba l\u00e0 ch\u00eca kh\u00f3a b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 b\u1ea3n th\u00e2n v\u00e0 gia \u0111\u00ecnh kh\u1ecfi th\u1ea3m h\u1ecda n\u00e0y….<\/p>","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":6663,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[22],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-6659","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-xay-dung"],"acf":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/tidiarc.vn\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/6659","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/tidiarc.vn\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/tidiarc.vn\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/tidiarc.vn\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/tidiarc.vn\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=6659"}],"version-history":[{"count":4,"href":"https:\/\/tidiarc.vn\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/6659\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":6667,"href":"https:\/\/tidiarc.vn\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/6659\/revisions\/6667"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/tidiarc.vn\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/6663"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/tidiarc.vn\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=6659"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/tidiarc.vn\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=6659"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/tidiarc.vn\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=6659"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}